2012-01-15 20:47:02, Vivienne napisał(a):
2012-01-15 20:35:55, Dodziunia napisał(a):
Epidural-to jest wlasnie znieczulenie w kregoslup
Tak, ale epidural nie jest jedynym stosowanym znieczuleniem miejscowym.
"In the UK, most ceasaeran sections are performed under epidural or spinal anaesthesia..."
Poza tym epidural i spinal anaeshesia to zupelnie dwa inne typy znieczulenia:
Spinal anaesthesia (or spinal anesthesia), also called spinal analgesia[citation needed] or sub-arachnoid block (SA, is a form of regional anaesthesia involving injection of a local anaesthetic into the subarachnoid space, generally through a fine needle, usually 9 cm long (3.5 inches). For extremely obese patients, some anaesthesiologists prefer spinal needles which are 12.7 cm long (5 inches). The tip of the spinal needle has a point or small bevel. Recently, pencil point needles have been made available (Whitacre, Sprotte, Gertie Marx & others).
Epidural anaesthesia is a technique whereby a local anaesthetic drug is injected through a catheter placed into the epidural space. This technique has some similarity to spinal anaesthesia, and the two techniques may be easily confused with each other. Differences include:
The involved space is larger for an epidural, and subsequently the injected dose is larger, being about 10–20 mL in epidural anaesthesia compared to 1.5–3.5 mL in a spinal.
In an epidural, an indwelling catheter may be placed that avails for additional injections later, while a spinal is almost always a one-shot only.
The onset of analgesia is approximately 15–30 minutes in an epidural, while it is approximately 5 minutes in a spinal.
An epidural often does not cause as significant neuromuscular block unless specific local anaesthetics are used which block motor fibres as readily as sensory nerve fibres, while a spinal more often does.
An epidural may be given at a cervical, thoracic, or lumbar site, while a spinal must be injected below L2 to avoid piercing the spinal cord.
Zrodlo:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia